What is the primary role of the axon in the context of neuron function?

The primary role of the axon in neuron function is to transport signals. Axons are long, slender projections of nerve cells that conduct electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. This process is crucial for communication within the nervous system, as the electrical impulses, or action potentials, travel down the axon and are transmitted to other neurons, muscles, or glands. This transmission is typically facilitated by the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse, where the axon ends and connects to another cell.

In contrast to the function of the axon, the other options highlight different aspects of neuronal activity. While receiving signals is primarily the responsibility of dendrites, regenerating neurons pertains to the overall capacity for neurogenesis and repair within the nervous system, and storing neurotransmitters is related to the vesicles present at the axon terminals, not the axon itself. Understanding these distinct functions enhances comprehension of how neurons communicate and coordinate complex processes in the body.