Which explanation shows how multiple forms of memory contribute to effective execution of a mental math problem?

The explanation that emphasizes the role of short-term memory and working memory in solving mental math problems highlights the distinct but interconnected functions these memory types serve.

Short-term memory, also known as primary or active memory, is key for temporarily holding numbers and information as you begin to work through the problem. This allows the individual to keep relevant data readily accessible while engaging in reasoning or calculations. In conjunction, working memory is critical as it enables active manipulation of those numbers. It is the system that supports higher-order cognitive tasks, such as reasoning, comprehension, and learning.

While the other options mention aspects of memory, they do not accurately describe the dynamic process involved in mental math problem-solving. For instance, only relying on long-term memory would be insufficient for real-time calculations since it does not allow for immediate manipulation of numbers. Suggesting that solely working memory is necessary ignores the foundational role that short-term memory has in providing the information needed for active cognitive processing. Lastly, while visual memory might assist in some contexts, particularly for visual aids or written problems, the manipulation of numerical data during mental math primarily requires both short-term and working memory for effective execution.

Thus, recognizing how short-term memory and working memory work together clarifies how various memory forms contribute to