Which mental framework is used in learning according to Piaget?

The correct answer is schemas, which are fundamental to Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Schemas are mental structures that help individuals organize and interpret information. They act as cognitive frameworks that allow individuals to process new information by relating it to what they already know. As a child encounters new experiences, they either build upon existing schemas or create new ones, a process known as assimilation and accommodation. This adaptability is crucial for learning and understanding the world around them as it allows for continuous intellectual growth and development.

While scripts, heuristics, and algorithms also relate to cognitive processes, they do not capture the overarching mental organization frameworks that schemas represent within Piaget's theory. Scripts are specific types of schemas that pertain to sequences of events in particular contexts, heuristics are mental shortcuts that simplify decision-making, and algorithms are step-by-step procedures for solving specific problems. However, none of these concepts reflect the foundational role that schemas play in overall cognitive development, which is central to Piaget's understanding of how learning occurs.