Which neurotransmitter is significantly influenced by hallucinogens?

Hallucinogens notably influence the serotonin neurotransmitter system, primarily by interacting with serotonin receptors in the brain. The structure of many hallucinogenic compounds is similar to that of serotonin, allowing them to bind to the same receptors, especially the 5-HT2A receptor subtype, which plays a central role in mediating the effects of these substances.

This interaction can lead to alterations in perception, mood, and cognition, which are characteristic effects of hallucinogens. For instance, substances such as LSD and psilocybin are known to produce vivid visual and auditory distortions as well as profound changes in thought and mood, largely due to their action on serotonin pathways.

The other neurotransmitters, while they may have roles in other psychological and physiological processes, are not as directly affected by hallucinogens as serotonin. Dopamine, for instance, is associated with reward and pleasure but does not primarily mediate the hallucinogenic effects. Norepinephrine is involved in arousal and alertness, and acetylcholine has roles in memory and learning, but neither is significantly altered in a manner that would resemble the profound effects hallucinogens have on perception and consciousness as seen with alterations in serotonin function.