Which types of memory are represented in the Modal Model of Memory?

The Modal Model of Memory, proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, conceptualizes memory as a system comprised of three distinct components: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Sensory memory acts as a brief holding area for incoming sensory information, retaining it for a few milliseconds to seconds, allowing individuals to process stimuli from their environment. Information that is attended to moves into short-term memory, where it can be held for a limited duration and capacity—typically around 20 seconds. This is where active processing occurs, and information can be manipulated, as opposed to just being passively stored. When information is rehearsed or encoded effectively, it can be transferred into long-term memory, which has a much larger capacity and is designed for the storage of information over extended periods, potentially for a lifetime.

The other options include types of memory that are either subsets of the broader categories or do not correspond to the primary components described in the Modal Model. Procedural memory, episodic memory, and semantic memory are classifications used within the framework of long-term memory but are not the core components that the Modal Model emphasizes. Thus, the understanding of memory types in relation to the Modal Model is correctly captured by the mention